Veiled Chameleon
These lizards, found in Yemen and Saudi Arabia, are known for their prominent head crests (called casques) and their ability to change color.
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Reptilia
Order: Squamata
Family: Chameleonidae
Genus: Chamaeleo
Species: C. calyptratus
Common Names: Veiled Chameleon, Yemeni Chameleon, Cone-head Chameleon
Veiled chameleons are typically found in trees. They live in river valleys (locally called “wadis”) that experience a lush, tropical wet season, as well as a desert-like dry season.
These lizards eat mostly insects, which are caught using their long, sticky tongues. They may also eat vegetation, which can help them replenish their fluids during the dry seasons.
Color changing behavior is used to signal and communicate with other chameleons. Brighter colors may indicate aggression, as does a rapid changing of color.
Females indicate that they are willing to mate by showcasing pale blue spots on their upper body. A pregnant female may showcase a dark green shade of color and bright yellow patterning. Females will also show their unwillingness to accept a male partner by turning very dark, nearly black, in their coloration.
Like most chameleons, the veiled chameleon has many features that distinguish it from other lizards. These include a head crest (that is noticeably larger in adults), zygodactyl feet (meaning two toes face forward and two face backward on each foot), a curled and prehensile tail, scaly eyes that are able to move independently, and a long sticky tongue that it uses to capture prey.
Chameleons also have the ability to change their coloration. While often incorrectly assumed to be a camouflaging tactic, chameleons actually change their color as a way to communicate with other chameleons and in response to factors like stress.
Veiled chameleons can grow up to two feet long. Adult coloration ranges from a deep turquoise green to a vibrant lime green, with stripes that can range from brown to yellow. Color can vary greatly depending on the chameleon’s mood. Younger veiled chameleons are a bright green with pale yellow horizontal striping along their bodies. Their crests, called casques, are quite large in male adults, but smaller in young and females.
The veiled chameleon is the most frequently encountered chameleon species in the pet trade. They require ample space and specialized care, and can be quite difficult for untrained owners to keep.
The veiled chameleon has become invasive in many areas outside of its native range. Hawaii and Florida are home to populations of chameleons that originated from escaped or released pets. In Hawaii they can be damaging to the population of local insects, and due to their fast reproductive cycle and adaptability to different habitats, they are able to spready quickly.
Due to the damage caused by invasive species, keeping chameleons in captivity should only be done by those who are able to handle the responsibility, and they should never be released into the wild.
The veiled chameleon is a species of Least Concern.
References
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veiled_chameleon
https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/reptiles/facts/veiled-chameleon
https://chameleonacademy.com/veiled-chameleon-care/
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