Brown Bat
Little brown bats are one of the most commonly encountered bats in North America, often found roosting in houses and other buildings.
Class: Mammalia
Order: Chiroptera
Family: Vespertilionidae
Genus: Myotis
Species: M. lucifugus
Common Names: Brown Bat, Little Brown Bat, Little Brown Myotis
Brown bats live in large groups called colonies. These groups can number nearly 200,000 individuals, though the average is closer to 10,000.
The brown bat is a nocturnal species, meaning it is mostly active at night. They spend their days roosting, hanging upside down and resting. At night they emerge to hunt for food, which is usually various species of insects and spiders.
Brown bats use a process called echolocation to hunt. This is a type of sonar that involves bats producing calls, and then using the echoes of those calls to determine the location of objects, such as prey animals.
During the winter, brown bats will hibernate to conserve energy during the cold season. They enter a dormant state known as torpor, where their body processes slow down to conserve energy.
Brown bat pregnancy lasts from 50 to 60 days, but the gestation process can begin long after mating, as female bats are able to control when their eggs arefertilized internally. They give birth to one pup per litter. Pups begin to flyat around three weeks of age.
Brown bats have a body length of around three to four inches, and a wingspan of up to ten inches. Like all bats they have leathery membranes between their elongated fingers that form wings, allowing them to fly.
The brown bat gets its name from its brown fur, which can be pale, reddish, or dark brown.
They have short noses and large ears.
Brown bats are often considered a nuisance, due to their habit of roosting in human dwellings, including attics. Due to the frequency of these bats coming into contact with humans, there is often the fear that they may transmit rabies to people. While they are known to carry rabies, they rarely test positive for the virus when submitted for testing.
Sometimes, free standing structures called bat houses are constructed to entice brown bats to occupy them. This may be to encourage them to avoid roosting in houses, but this is not always effective. It is also done to help bring bats to a certain area to control the spread of mosquitoes and other harmful insects. While the bats themselves are sometimes regarded as pests, they are known to eat insects that can harm people or damage crops.
Little brown bats are considered an Endangered species. Though they were once one of the most common species of bat in North America, their population has declined due to a fungus that causes a disease called “white-nose syndrome”.
References
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_brown_bat
Macdonald, David W. (editor). (2006). The Princeton Encyclopedia of Mammals. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press.
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