Emerald Tree Boa
The emerald tree boa is found in the South American rainforests, and is known for its striking green coloration.
Class: Reptilia
Order: Squamata
Suborder: Serpentes
Family: Boidae
Genus: Corallus
Species: C. caninus
Common Names: Emerald Tree Boa
As a constrictor, the emerald tree boa swallows its food whole. It eats mostly small mammals, and occasionally birds. Juvenile snakes also eat frogs and lizards. The emerald tree boa has a very slow metabolism, which means that they only have to feed once every several months or so.
They spend most of their time in trees, wrapped around branches. Their typical resting position is curled around a branch with their heads resting in the center of their coiled body, using their own body as a sort of pillow.
They are known to be active both in the day time and at night, usually hunting at night and basking in the sun during the day. As cold-blooded animals, they need to lay in the sun to raise their body temperature and maintain their energy levels.
Emerald tree boas are ovoviviparous, meaning the embryos grow within the mother before they are born live. The average brood of emerald tree boas is 6 to 14 snakes.
The emerald tree boa is a constrictor, in the same family as the boa constrictor and the anaconda. It grows to around six feet in length. Their front teeth are some of the largest in proportion to their body size of any nonvenomous snake. Their coloration is bright green, with white markings along their back and a yellow underside. Juvenile snakes are usually red or orange, turning green when they reach 12 months old.
The emerald tree boa was first scientifically named by naturalist Carl Linnaeus. Its specific name “caninus”, meaning dog, refers to the snake’s snout, which Linnaeus believed resembled a dog’s.
Originally, it was thought that there was only one species of emerald tree boa – C. caninus. However, a separate species was recognized in2009 – C. batesii. Known as the Amazon Basin emerald tree boa, it is very similar to its cousin, but can be separated by the white markings on its back. On C. caninus, these markings are individual “lightning bolt” shaped marks, while on C. batesii, the markings are connected in a single stripe that runs down its back. The number of scales on the snout, as well as their overall shape, is different between the two species.
Emerald tree boas are a species of Least Concern. Corallus caninus is found in the northern region of Brazil, Colombia, French Guiana, Guiana and Suriname. Corallus batesii, meanwhile, is only found in the Amazon River Basin, including southern Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Brazil.
Emerald tree boas do face threats from habitat loss and collection for the pet trade. When collected wild, they lack the calmer temperament of their captive bred cousins, which leads them to be difficult to care for.