Bearded Dragon
The Australian lizards in the genus Pogona are commonly called bearded dragons due to the spiky scales on their throats.
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Reptilia
Order: Squamata
Family: Agamidae
Genus: Pogona
Species: P. barbata, P. henrylawsoni, P. microlepidota, P.minor, P. mitchelli, P. nullarbor, P. vitticeps
Common Names: Bearded Dragon
Bearded dragons are known for being very territorial over the desert habitat they call home, and have many different behaviors related to expressing dominance or submission to other dragons that may invade their territory. They may bob their heads up and down to show dominance, or wave their hands about to show submission. They may open their mouth and puff up their “beard” in a threat display, sometimes turning the beard a deep black color in the process. If displays do not work, they may fight each other, using their mouths to bite.
These lizards eat mostly plants and occasionally insects and other smaller mammals and reptiles. They hunt during the day time, but may retreat to burrows if it gets too hot. They undergo a hibernation-like process called brumation, during which they may go months without eating and only occasionally drinking. This occurs during times of colder temperatures, when the cold-blooded lizards must lower their activity levels to conserve energy.
Following their period of brumation, male bearded dragons will begin to seek out a female to mate with. As with their territoriality, the courtship of bearded dragons involves complex displays, including head-bobbing, arm waving, and feet stomping.
The female can lay as many as 30 eggs.
The eight species of bearded dragon share similar characteristics, particularly the underside of the throat which is covered in spiny scales, giving the appearance of a “beard”. This throat can be puffed up and may change color if the bearded dragon feels threatened or stressed, or if it’s looking to impress a mate.
Their heads are roughly triangular in shape, and they have wide and flattened bodies with spiky scales covering various areas.
Bearded dragons come in many color variations in captivity, where they are selectively bred, though in the wild they are usually a brownish yellow in coloration.
Bearded dragons are very common in the pet trade, beginning in the 1990s in the United States. The most frequently kept species is P. vitticeps, the central bearded dragon, though smaller species are sometimes kept when space is an issue. As with wild dragons, captive dragons usually display a territorial nature and are typically kept alone. They can live nearly 20 years when properly cared for. Many different variations are selectively bred for in captivity, affecting the dragons coloration, scale smoothness, and overall size.
All bearded dragon species are currently considered Least Concern species.
References
https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/reptiles/facts/bearded-dragon
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pogona
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