Chimpanzee
Chimpanzees apes found in African savannahs and tropical forests. They are the closest living relative of humans. Chimps and humans share over 96% of their DNA.
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Primates
Family: Hominidae
Genus: Pan
Species: P. troglodytes
Common Names: Chimpanzee, Chimp, Common Chimpanzee
Chimps feed primarily on fruit, though they are omnivores that eat both meat and plants. In addition to fruit, they may also eat birds, eggs, small mammals, and insects.
Chimpanzees live in large groups that may contain as many as 150 members, but usually number far fewer.
Pregnancy in chimpanzees lasts about eight months, and mothers provide most of the infant care. Younger infants under a month old will hold tight to their mother’s underside, and when they reach about half a year old they’ll begin to ride on mom’s back to get around.
Chimpanzees average around five feet in height, and males can weigh over 150 pounds. Among great apes, it is more slender and less stocky than most, with long arms ending in long fingers. Chimpanzees have opposable thumbs, as well as an opposable toe on their foot, meaning they are able to grasp items with both their hands and feet.
Chimpanzee hair is usually dark or black, but can lighten into white or grey as they age, especially around the chin. Their exposed skin color ranges from a pinkish to a dark brown or black.
Chimpanzees can walk on two legs or all fours. When moving on all fours, they walk with their knuckles.
Chimpanzees are known to be highly intelligent, able to use tools, cooperate, and recognize symbols. Some chimpanzees have been taught to use sign language to communicate with humans.
Chimps have a reputation in much of the Western world as being comical sidekicks, due to their exaggerated facial expressions. However, like all wild animals chimpanzees should be treated with caution and respect.
Though they are often smaller than most adult humans, chimpanzees are much stronger than humans. Their muscles are highly adapted to life in the trees, which gives them immense strength.
The word “chimpanzee” comes from the Bantu languages of Africa, and translates into “ape” or “mock human”.
Chimpanzees are Endangered. About 100 years ago, there were over a million wild chimpanzees. Today, that number is thought to be in the low hundreds of thousands. Destruction of habitat, diseases, and illegal hunting are the biggest threats to chimpanzees.
References
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chimpanzee
Macdonald, David W. (editor). (2006). The Princeton Encyclopedia of Mammals. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press.
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