Red-Eared Slider
This turtle is native to the Midwest to Southeastern United States and Mexico, but it has become the most invasive species of turtle in the world, due to its popularity in the pet trade.
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Reptilia
Order: Testudines
Suborder: Cryptodira
Family: Emydidae
Genus: Trachemys
Species: T. scripta
Subspecies: T. s. elegans
Common Names: Red-eared Slider, Red-eared Terrapin
Red-eared sliders live around the Mississippi River and Gulf of Mexico, in areas of warm water such as ponds and lakes, swamps and marshes, and slow-moving creeks and rivers. They are semi-aquatic, meaning they spend their time in or near water. Their main food source is aquatic plants. They are often seen basking in the sun on rocks or logs in large numbers, often even piling on top of each other to warm up.
From Fall to Spring, red-eared sliders go through a period of low activity similar to hibernation called “brumation”, where they may not eat and will remain motionless for long periods, only occasionally becoming active to breathe air or infrequently eat. They do this to conserve energy during colder months, since they are cold-blooded.
Red-eared sliders usually mate in Spring and Summer. Mating happens below the water’s surface. When the female is ready to lay her eggs, she will dig out a spot on land and deposit as many as 30 eggs there. They will hatch around 60 to 110 days later.
After hatching, the baby turtles’ yolk sacs remain outside of their body, providing essential nourishment. They will be absorbed into the body after a few days.
The red-eared slider turtle is a subspecies of the pond slider. It is typically green in coloration with darker and lighter brown, green and yellow markings across its body and shell. It gets its name from the red stripe behind its eyes, where the ears would typically be found. Its shell can be as long as 16 inches, but it usually ranges from six to eight inches in length. Female turtles are usually larger than males.
Red-eared sliders have a long history in the pet trade, and are the most common pet reptile in the world. Turtles that escape or are intentionally set loose can become invasive, and due to their worldwide popularity, the red-eared slider is the most invasive turtle type worldwide.
They are relatively easy to care for as pets, but can carry harmful bacteria like Salmonella. They can also live up to 30 years, so require a commitment of responsibility.
Some U.S. states have banned possession of red-eared sliders as pets due to their potential to become invasive. They compete with native turtle species, and may hybridize with other turtles like the yellow-bellied slider.
The pond slider, which the red-eared slider is a subspecies of, is a species of Least Concern. The red-eared slider’s invasive nature has led many countries, including India and Australia, to develop control or eradication efforts to protect native species from being overtaken by the red-eared sliders. These are not always successful.